Environmental pollution caused by the application of plastics in automobiles
Environmental pollution caused by the application of plastics in automobiles
The main direction of the development of automotive materials technology in the world is light quantification and environmental protection. To reduce the weight of the car itself is to reduce emissions from cars, increase the combustion efficiency is one of the most effective measures, it is reported that the car's weight of each cut 10, the consumption of fuel can reduce 6 ~ 8. Therefore, increasing the application of plastics in automobile, became decrease the cost of the vehicle and its weight, the key to increase vehicle payload.
In recent years, the application of plastics in automobiles has been increasing. Currently, the amount of plastic used in cars in Germany, the United States, Japan and other countries has reached 10 ~ 15, and some even reached more than 20. From the material that modern car USES, whether exterior adornment piece, interior decoration piece, still function and structure piece, can see the shadow of plastic make everywhere. With the continuous improvement of the hardness, strength and tensile properties of the plastic, plastic Windows, doors, frames and even full-plastic cars have gradually emerged, and the process of automobile plasticization is accelerating.
In addition to lightweight, the application of plastics in automobiles can reduce the cost of products to a certain extent. , plastic molding are relatively easy, makes the complex shape parts processing is very convenient and can save engineer grinding tool and process of the debugging time, accelerate the commercialization of the product process, is helpful to authors efficiency. The material production company, celanese, said in an interview with the gages.
Energy-saving and environmental protection is the application of key plastics, and the promotion of light weight is mainly aimed at promoting the process of automobile energy conservation and emission reduction and reducing pollution to the external environment. However, the environmental pollution caused by plastic can not be ignored.
In recent years, the air pollution caused or induced disease in the car has become a significant trend, which has become one of the greatest threats to modern humans. According to the Beijing chaoyang hospital respiratory diseases professor guo xi heng, in-car volatiles, such as formaldehyde, benzene and inhaled in a short time later, there will be a central nervous system of anesthesia, light person giddy, headache, nausea, chest tightness, fatigue, confusion, severe cases can cause coma and respiratory and circulatory failure and death. If prolonged exposure to a certain solubility of toluene, xylene can cause chronic poisoning, headache, insomnia, mental malaise, memory loss and other neurasthenic syndromes.
Therefore, the development and use of low emission materials is particularly critical and urgent. In fact, some environment-friendly raw materials manufacturers have launched a series of solutions, such as jinhu sun li's plastic clean? More than 60 percent less than traditional interior plastic distribution; Celanese has also successfully developed a series of low-emission, pain-free materials to use as a Hostaform for automotive interior and interior accessories. XAP2POM, Hostaform? Free - spraying MetaLXTMPOM MetaLXTMPOM, under the condition of guarantee product metallic luster and texture, and also has the excellent scratch resistance, at the same time reduce the coating/plating equipment, artificial inputs, such as for auto parts manufacturing provides a simple and low-cost way.
It is understood that in 2015 countries will be mandatory for in-car air quality standards, the oems and suppliers, material manufacturers put forward higher request, there will be more low material products, give the car a clean will no longer be a slogan.
In recent years, the application of plastics in automobiles to enhance market competitive advantage, various car companies have developed and used the lightweight design model, greatly increasing the utilization rate of plastic. BMW 2013 BMWi3 pure electric car, the shell material is the plastic, chassis material is aluminum alloy, compared with the traditional similar model, the reduction weight 250~350 kg. However, the weight loss of the plastic strip is also popular in China's independent brands. For example, in sedans and light cars, the amount of plastic in the CA7220 small red flag sedan is 88.33 kg, Shanghai santana 67.2 kg, audi 89.98 kg, fu kang 81.5 kg, and iveco 0041 is 144.5 kg. In heavy duty vehicles, the stur 1491 is 82.25 kg, and the king of stur is 120.5kg.
The conventional wisdom about whether plastic cars are safe is generally believed to be low in safety. However, wang zhiwen, director of operations research at the China automotive engineering society, said in an interview that cars are not as safe as cars. Even if the car USES very light material, if take high intensity processing craft, can also achieve very light but very good effect, thus also safer.
In strength, engineering plastics are not to be lost in metal, where the polyformaldehyde (POM) is known as the steel. , both the product invented by celanese, similar to the strength and hardness of the metal (compared with PC/abs, its strength is higher than 600-700 mpa), at the same time has high fatigue resistance, impact resistance, corrosion resistance and flexibility. In addition, the product is well lubricity and stable in wide temperature and humidity range. There are many parts of automobile, such as fuel system, bumper bracket, bearing, etc.
In addition to body parts, such as aforesaid, engineering plastics by the widget began to expand on the body parts, such as Germany mainland to improve the car driving safety coefficient, 6165 a6pps (PPS) as automotive materials into a new type of car windscreen imaging device in the system components. , the company said windshield safety performance is a key measure of overall car function, 6165 a6pps is a strong mechanical properties of polymer and the mixed with 65 glass and mineral fiber enhanced engineering plastics to minimize material bending, is ideal for automotive plastics.
It's not an exaggeration or an emphasis on how safe plastic is, but in fact, it's true that plastic can't replace metal for some time. Above is more for channel concept car companies and consumers, the reporter understands in the previous visit, now part of the car companies in the research and development of new car to admit and the use of plastic products, but when mass production is in sales and security concerns, backed out. It is a pity if the material goes through the safety assessment criteria and does not allow it to be photoheated.
In general, the application of plastic in automobile has been developed from ordinary decorative parts to structural parts and functions. Auto plastic materials to the higher strength, better impact, high flow of composite materials and plastic alloy direction, but for all plastic car, there is still a long way to go, is not only a security problem, also involves the problem such as aging, recycling, in this technique, to be further improved.
Engineering plastics with similar metal hardness, strength, on the basis of double as soft performance, the characteristics of the elastic deformation can absorb a large number of collision energy, a greater cushion, a strong impact on the vehicles and passenger protection. As a result, modern cars use plasticized dashboards and steering wheels to enhance cushioning. The front and rear bumper, body decoration strips are made of plastic materials to reduce the impact of objects on the body.
In addition, plastic also has absorption and attenuation vibration and noise, the application of plastic in automobile can improve ride comfort. Hong-yan wang, a professor in the school of tongji university car, said the body in security design want to through the structure deformation to absorb part of the collision energy, application of plastics in automobile manufacturing of automobile body, involved as long as the structure is reasonable, the manufacturing process is proper, its security should be better than metal material body
